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CABLE NEWS CHANNELS.
Term Paper ID:29597
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Essay Subject:
Discusses development of news in media.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
8 sources, 12 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Discusses development of news in media. Transition from radio news to television news. Network news programming and cult of personalities. Reasons for decline of newspapers and TV network news. Growth of cable television and its all-news channels 24/7. Formation of CNN. Fox News Channel competition. High viewer ratings for cable news networks. Outline.
Paper Introduction:
THE CABLE NEWS CHANNELS’ COMPETITION WITH THE NETWORKS
OUTLINE:
Introduction- the development of news from newspaper to radio to network television to the growth of Cable networks that cover news 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and in detail.
Body
Network news programming
Powered by personalities
Decline in ratings since cable news
Cable news networks as an anchor for cable TV
CNN
founding and slow growth
split into half-hour and lengthier
Text of the Paper:
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There were"Extra" editions on the streets as warranted. and Ibemela, M. "CNN is now available in 54 millions TV households in the U.S. In one research poll, "Alabama residents ratedcable television news as the most trustworthy of all news services"(Powell, 2 1, 41). Each ratings point represents 1, 22, TV households (TVZapt2it,2 2, 1). personalities- coming and going 2. is a comfortable home to right-of-center viewers"(Poniewozik, 2 2, 65). classrooms...CNN is also televised in more than85 countries, and maintains 23 bureaus abroad, staffed by about 1 full-time employees" (USIA, 199 , 5). (1999). There is half-hour programming of news, as well as detailed coverageon a separate cable channel for each of the cable networks. Poniewozik, J. Either way it would be naïve not to seethat the channel... While cable television viewers are far smaller than thegeneral network numbers, they are growing over the past few years. Even as more people (59%) get their news primarily from television,versus 23% from newspapers, "but the audience for network newsis...dropping. (abouthalf the total) and is carried by more than 25 domestic TV affiliates aswell as in some 8,5 U.S. Cable news, therefore, is notlimited to one specific time, but is available whenever viewers want tocheck on latest events.Cable News Network (CNN): Formed in 198 , with Headline news, its thirty-minute update versionbegun in 1981, "CNN....tends to accomplish more on less money than itscommercial broadcast counterparts. Introduction- the development of news from newspaper to radio to network television to the growth of Cable networks that cover news 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and in detail. Higgins, K. Why the viewer switch, other than availability? contracts with "personalities C. THE CABLE NEWS CHANNELS' COMPETITION WITH THE NETWORKSOUTLINE: I. Conclusion- availability of news 24/7 of great importance to some,even while having to pay for cable programmingINTRODUCTION: At one time, newspapers were the primary source of news. 5. Mr. Poniewozik also writes that watching Fox seemsto be like sitting inside a very patriotic video game: "It's NASCAR withPentagon briefings" (p. CNN a. And, themajor growth comes from the age group most desired by advertisers- the 24-54 year-olds. By making its news programming availablein schools, students may switch to the news channels on their home TVs. (2 1). Untilrecently, viewers switched to cable news because there was not a cult ofpersonality- with few exceptions, the news readers and correspondents werenews people, not "personalities". Last season that combined audience sank to an all-time low of 26.1%"(Chidaya, 1996, 59). Television news coverage came along, but news was digestedinto what are called "sound bytes" short thirty-second or one-minutecoverage of news items. 3, (199 ) No author listed: "Evening Network News Neilsen Ratings"TV.zap2it.com/news/ratings/network/ 11 7network... Cable news networks as an anchor for cable TV 1. As the cablenews networks expand, both with their points of view (CNN seemingly moreleft-of-center than Fox) the daily viewer totals of network news isdiminishing which is causing some retrenchment in expenditures and newsbureaus in order to hold down network expenses, while cable networks seemto have alliances with overseas as well as local programmers andadvertisers to maintain financial leverage.Network News- its peak and slow decline Following World War II and the transition from radio news totelevision news, CBS maintained the highest levels with its Edward R.Murrow-staffed personalities- Eric Sevareid, Charles Collingwood, DouglasEdwards, and then Walter Cronkite, who maintained the greatest "trust" ofAmerican viewers. 65). "Network vs. . It was a slow switchat first, perhaps due to the lack of interest in network programming or re-runs on other cable channels, and the importance of international news. Jurkowitz, M. The reason was the shorter attention span of theviewing audience. And as a result....the networks have become mastersin handling the toughest reports" (Phipps, 2 1, 2 ).Fox News Channel: Controlled by Rupert Murdoch, Fox has raised the competition amongcable news. founding and slow growth b. For some years following the breakup of this team, the three networksparaded a number of personalities to anchor their evening news programs-Dan Rather, Peter Jennings and Tom Brokaw now are long-time news anchors.But, viewership is down. Network news programming 1. the September 11 momentum of viewership d. CBS' decline is measured from Cronkite's retirement, andNBC with its Huntley-Brinkley team became the news leader in evening newstime. "Programmed for success" Chicago: MarketingManagement, Winter. Viewers' regard for cable versus network news III. (Feb 1, 2 2) No author listed: "Telecommunications Update" United StatesInformation Agency, Vol. Viewers watch evening news not because of a network, but becausethey prefer the personality, Brokaw, Jennings, or Rather. There is one more important reason for cable news networks' growth inaddition to its round-the-clock availability and its advertiser-preferredage group: viewer trust. CNN now has strong competition from Fox News Network, which hasmoved ahead in number of viewers, especially those of greatest value toadvertisers, the 25-54 year old viewers. Then, came cable and the innovation of CNN, the CableNews Network, a 24-hour a day, seven-day a week coverage of newsnationally, internationally, the financial markets, sports, gossip andfashion. "Anumber of cable networks offer news-related programming free of charge tostudents and educators. "Detractors say Fox owes its success to conservative viewers drawn byits rightist-skewed news. According to the latest (Feb 1, 2 2) Nielsenratings, NBC has a 13 share, ABC, a 1 share, CBS an 11 percent share oftotal viewers. Ofcourse, the September 11 terrorist attacks heightened viewer awareness, andwhile the networks did an outstanding job of coverage, the viewership onCNN increased 5 % (Fox, the other news channel had a 3 % jump). In general terms, it is the growth ofcable television and its two main all-news channels, which can make newshighlights as well as news in depth available 24 hours a day, seven days aweek, even for Americans traveling overseas. is London". 65). For NBC, as an example that share translates into a ragingof 8.3. "Constant Coverage Both a Comfort and a Concern:Public's Perception of Coverage Very Positive" Boston: Boston Globe, Oct.9. VI, No. (2 1). Phipps, J. The events ofrecent months have created more news junkies, and they are the ones whowatch cable news more often.Conclusion: "The time spent viewing television is not that different than in thepast, but the time spent watching cable has increased. Powell, L. Cable now accountsof 4 % of viewing audiences, almost double its share in the early 199 s"(Higgins, 1999, 14). right-of-center political slant c. television empire"(Chidaya, 1996, 58). Fox is also raiding its competitors for "personalities", includingCNN's legal expert, Greta Van Susteren, while CNN has hired Paula Zahn fromFox and has signed Connie Chung, whose contract at ABC was not renewed.Still Fox (as well as CNN) news is not as personality-driven as the majornetworks. Why the decline? References Chidaya, F (1996). "The NASCAR of News" TIME Magazine, February11. L. With crawling headlines across the bottom of thescreen, the cable news networks have created "A relentless sense ofimmediacy and urgency" (Jurkowitz, 2 1, C1) that "regular networks provideonly on special occasions. Cable News" TIME Magazine, Oct 21. (2 1)."Networks reach out to young viewers" Chicago:Electronic Media Nov. Murrow: "This.. "Cable television news rated asmost credible: Athens O: Newspaper Research Journal, Winter. Fox says it simply provides a 'fair and balanced'alternative to liberal-media bias. split into half-hour and lengthier programming c. "Murdoch, who plans to spend more than $2 million on his newventure, sees not only money to be made, but, equally important, theprestige of finally adding a news component to his U.S. T. slow growth b. (2 2). Then, along came theimmediacy of radio, perhaps no more powerful than during the coverage ofWorld War II, and the dramatic intonation of CBS' Edward R. CNN's annual budget is $14 million...about half the size of the news budgets of ABC, CBS and NBC"(USIA, 199 , 2). Fox News Network a. Powered by personalities 2. Fox has a daily average of"654, viewers (compared to CNN with) 595, " (Poniewozik, 2 2, p. Fifteen years ago the CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News andABC's World News Tonight together were watched in 41.2% of all American TVhomes. Body A. Decline in ratings since cable news B.
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