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Broiler chick perception kf energy requirements
Term Paper ID:36220
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Essay Subject:
This paper looks at potential experiments for broiler chicks selecting high fat diets in ...... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
5 sources, 5 Citations,
MLA Format
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Paper Abstract:
This paper looks at potential experiments for broiler chicks and why high fat diets should be given in their first few days of life. It reviews some previous experiments in the field as a guide to what experiments could be performed now.
Paper Introduction:
Poultry need high quality feed because it passes quickly throughtheir digestive system Rendered When the feed is balanced for energyand essential nutrients the amount consumed will determine growth rate Much of the energy is obtained from the grain and the balance from animalfat The only required essential fatty acid is linoleic Animal fats needto be stabilized by adding antioxidants Animal fats provide essentialfatty acids reduce abrasiveness of feeds increase nutrient density andtherefore energy intake and increases the energy value of feed abovecaloric
Text of the Paper:
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Adrizal and Yayota (2 2) looked at the effects of feeding broilerchicks a diet with defatted rice bran (DRB) to increase the concentrationof energy sources such as oil and carbohydrate. An experiment would be to see if broiler chickspreferentially selected feed with added animal fats over normal feed. They looked at the effectsof high levels of fat and high levels of carbohydrate on the nutritionalvalue of a diet which contained 3 percent DRB. The levels of fatand protein could be varied and the relationship determined, i.e. Rosebrough, McMutry and Vasilatos-Younken (1999) looked at therelationships between fat and protein in the diet of broilers and foundthat increasing dietary protein compared to increasing dietary fatincreased their body weight. 26 Nov. Sterling, Costa, Henry, Pesti and Bakalli (2 2) evaluated theeffects of feeding broiler chicks cottonseed and soybean meal-based diets.They found that cottonseed based diets led to lower body weight gain thansoybean meal-based diets. A diet containing 6 kcal of fat decreasedlipogenesis and malic enzyme activity in birds fed 19 g CP/kg protein butnot birds fed 124g CP/kg - this required 12 kcal of fat to suppresslipogenesis or malic enzyme activity. An experiment would be to give thechicks the choice of a high fat diet or a high carbohydrate diet with DRBand see which ones they chose. "Effects of dietary supplemental L-carnitine and ascorbic acid on performance, carcass composition and plasma L- carnitine concentration of broiler chicks reared under different temperatures." Archives of Tierernahr. It wasconcluded that supplementation of the diet of broiler chicks with L-carnitine or L-carnitine plus ascorbic acid may have positive effects onweight gain under high temperature conditions. "Dietary fat and protein interactions in the broiler." Poultry Science. Animal fats needto be stabilized by adding antioxidants. Poultry need high quality feed because it passes quickly throughtheir digestive system (Rendered). Celik and Ozturkcan (2 3) found that supplementation of the diet ofbroiler chicks with L-carnitine, ascorbic acid or L-carnitine plus ascorbicacid was beneficial compared to animals receiving unsupplemented dietsunder high temperatures. Feedconversion efficiency was significantly improved with supplemental ascorbicacid, and this effect was greater under higher temperature. They could also be offered diets with andwithout the bile salt and fiber-degrading enzymes added. When the feed is balanced for energyand essential nutrients, the amount consumed will determine growth rate.Much of the energy is obtained from the grain and the balance from animalfat. how muchfat is required to make the diet the preferred diet of the chicks. 2 5. The protein and fat digestibilities and metabolicenergy were greater with high fat diets compared to high carbohydratediets. An experiment could be carried outoffering the chicks diets high in protein and diets high in fat and seeingif there was a difference in which one they preferred. 11(2 2):41 -417.Celik, L., & osturkcan, O. Two supplements - a bilesalt, sodium laurocholate, or a fiber-degrading mixture of enzymes - wereused to improve the digestibility of fat and counter the negative effectsof increasing the concentration of nonstarch polysaccharide in the DRB foryoung broiler chicks. 78(7)(1999):992-998.Sterling, K.G., Costa, E.E., Henry, M.H., Pesti, G.M., & bakalli, R.I. Rosebrough, K.W., McMurtry, J.P., & Vasilatos-Younken, R. "Dietary energy source and supplements in broiler diets containing defatted rice bran." Journal of Applied Poultry Research. "Response of broiler chickens to cottonseed- and soybean meal-based diets at several protein levels." Poultry Science. Animal fats provide essentialfatty acids, reduce abrasiveness of feeds, increase nutrient density andtherefore energy intake, and increases the energy value of feed abovecaloric value. Further experiments showed that itwas the protein level, and not the source that made the difference. & Yayota, M. An experiment could beconducted to find out if broiler chicks would selectively choose a dietsupplemented with L-carnitine and L-carnitine plus ascorbic acid toincrease broiler their body weight at temperatures normally used in housingthese birds. 81(2):217-226. The only required essential fatty acid is linoleic. Atslightly higher protein levels, cottonseed based diets could replacesoybean meal-based diets for broiler chicks to gain similar performance.An experiment could be carried out to find out if broiler chicks wouldselectively choose a higher protein level a cottonseed based diet over thestandard soybean meal-based diet they normally get. Works CitedAdrizal, S.O. However, supplemental L-carnitine or L-carnitineplus ascorbic acid reduced body weight under normothermal conditions. There was a significant effect of protein sourceon weight gain and size of fat pads. The addition of a bile salt and fiber-degrading enzymes wasespecially helpful with high fat diets. 57(1)(2 3):27-38."Rendered Animal Products For Poultry." 2 5.
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